Lamps with motion sensor

When choosing lighting fixtures, much attention is paid to such qualities as ease of installation and use, an economical consumption of electrical energy. Among modern devices in high demand are lamps with motion sensors. These devices are turned on when a moving object is detected and turned off after movement in the controlled area is stopped. Automatic lights are easy to use and can significantly reduce the consumption of electricity.

Due to the presence of a motion controller that responds to the movement of an object, the light will be lit as much as the person is in the control zone of the device. This allows you to reduce energy consumption by up to 40% (compared to standard consumption).

Another advantage of automatic fixtures is a wide range of applications: street, public places, industrial and residential premises, offices, entrances. Modern manufacturers offer a wide variety of models with different designs.

The advantages of luminaires, depending on the type of sensor installed:

• From the infrared models does not emit harmful radiation. It is possible to accurately adjust the range of movement fixation.
• Ultrasonic devices are inexpensive and have a high level of resistance to external influences. The performance of such a model is not able to affect adverse environmental conditions (precipitation, temperature changes).
• Lamps with microwave sensors are the most accurate and are able to fix the slightest movement of objects. Performance does not depend on environmental conditions, as with ultrasonic models. Another important advantage of microwave devices is the ability to create several independentzones of observation.

The disadvantages of fixtures with motion sensors include the following:

• Ultrasound models respond only to sudden movements. It is also not recommended to use them outdoors - due to false positives caused by frequent movements of natural objects. Such models can adversely affect animals that can perceive ultrasonic waves.
• Infrared appliances operate falsely due to hot air currents (air conditioners, wind, radiators). Have a narrow range of operating temperatures. The accuracy of outdoor work is low.
• Luminaires with microwave sensors may malfunction when a movement occurs beyond the controlled area (established monitoring range). In addition, the microwave waves that emit such devices can harm human health.

The general principle of operation of luminaires with motion controllers is to automatically turn on / off the light sources according to the signal from the sensor. It should be noted that in such devices various types of sensors can be used, which determines the method of detecting the movement of objects and affects the principle of the system as a whole.

Models with an infrared motion receiver work based on the principle of capturing thermal radiation in a controlled area, which is transmitted from a moving object. The motion sensor monitors the change in the thermal field in the controlled area. Such a field is changed due to the appearance of a moving object, which in turn must have a temperature of thermal radiation 5 degrees Celsius higher compared to the indicator of the environment.

The infrared radiation signal passes through the lenses and enters a special photocell, after which the electrical circuit closes, which entails switching on the lighting device (activating the lighting system).

An ultrasonic motion sensor monitors the movement of objects using ultrasound. The sound waves produced by the sensor (the frequency can vary from 20 to 60 kHz) hit the object, are reflected from it with a changed frequency and return back to the radiation source. Built-in sensor and emitter oscillations receive the reflected signal and compare the difference between the transmitted and received frequencies.When the signal is processed, the alarm relay is activated - so the sensor is triggered, the light turns on.

Microwave controls work in a similar way. Instead of sound, such models emit high-frequency magnetic waves (from 5 to 12 GHz). The sensor detects changes in the reflected waves that cause the movement of objects in a controlled area.

Combined devices have several types of sensors and work using several methods of receiving a signal.

Lights with motion controllers can be divided into groups according to several criteria. According to the type of motion sensor emit: microwave, infrared, ultrasonic, combined types of devices. The type of sensor depends on the principle of operation of the lighting device.

There is a classification of fixtures by the method of installation of the motion sensor. The sensor module can be built-in, located in a separate housing and attached to the lighting device or external (installed anywhere outside the luminaire).

According to the color gamut of the light flux there are products of the following types:

• with yellow light;
• with neutral white;
• with cold white;
• with a multi-colored glow.

According to the purpose of the installation site is the division into household (installation in residential premises), street and industrial (installed in industrial and office buildings).

According to the design and form of emit:

• lights (used for street lighting);
• spotlights (directional lighting of certain objects);
• LED bulbs;
• devices with a retractable lamp;
• single-reflex retractable lamp with height adjustment;
• flat lamp;
• oval and round designs.

By type of installation allocate ceiling, wall and standalone models. By type of power - wired and wireless devices.

Modern models of lamps can include several sensors at once. From the point of view of lighting control, such models are more convenient and perfect. LED lamp with light sensor and motion sensor allowscontrol the light when fixing the movement of the object only in the case of a low level of natural lighting. For example, when a movement of an object in a controlled area is detected, the light will turn on only at night. This model is great for street lighting.

The combined model with a sound sensor and a motion sensor is not as common. In addition to tracking movable objects, the device controls the noise level.

Additional built-in functions help to most accurately configure the device for its further correct operation. These adjustments include: setting the off delay, adjusting the light level, setting the sensitivity to radiation.

Using the time setting function, you can set the interval (interval) during which the light will remain on since the last motion detection in the controlled area. The time can be set in the range from 1 to 600 seconds (this parameter depends on the model of the device). Also, with the help of the time control, you can set the response limit of the sensor (from 5 to 480 seconds).

Setting the light level allows you to adjust the sensor in the daytime (daytime). By setting the necessary parameters, the device will turn on only in low light (compared to the threshold value).

Adjusting the sensitivity level will allow you to avoid false alarms on small movements and on movements of distant objects. Additionally, it is possible to adjust the tracking area chart.

When choosing devices with a motion sensor for lighting control, first of all, pay attention to the type of installation and power supply of the model. A suitable device is selected taking into account the purpose of the illuminated room, as well as the specific installation location.

Wall models have original and modern design. In such devices, infrared motion sensors are predominantly installed. The wall lamp is intended primarily for domestic use.

Ceiling lights are mostly flat. Ultrasonic sensors are used in such devices.The viewing angle is 360 degrees.

In places difficult for wiring (cabinets, storerooms), install stand-alone devices with infrared sensors. Such devices operate on batteries.

By type of food devices are divided into:

• Wired. Food from a network of 220 V. The wire device is connected to the main line of the power supply network, in the socket or a podozetnik.
• Wireless. As the power source used batteries or battery.

For residential premises, wire-based models with direct electrical connection are most commonly used.

Standard incandescent lamps emit a stream of yellow (warm) color (2700 K). Devices with such a luminescence are well suited for organizing lighting in residential premises. This type of light will create a cozy atmosphere in the room.

Neutral white light (3500-5000 K) is found in halogen and LED lamps. Luminaires with a given luminous flux are mainly installed in industrial and office premises.

The temperature of the cold white glow is 5000–6500 K. LED lamps have this luminous flux. This type of light radiation is suitable for illuminating the street, storage and work areas.

Light devices with motion sensors have a wide range of applications.

For an apartment, such devices are mainly used:

• in the bathroom and bathroom;
• in the bedroom, office, hallway and kitchen;
• on the stairs;
• above the bed;
• in the closet, at the entresol, in the pantry and dressing room;
• on the balcony and loggia;
• as a night light.

For lighting the stairs, the hallway and the corridor is most convenient to use wall-mounted infrared lamps. Also, wall models are ideal for platforms in the stairwell. Another good option for access lighting are LED models with a movement sensor.

Architectural illumination of buildings is achieved by installing LED spotlights with motion sensors. For safe and autonomous lighting at home most often used lamps with an infrared motion sensor.

For lighting plots near the house or in the country (yard, garden) it is recommended to use wireless models of lamps. Halogen, fluorescent or LED lamps are used as the light source in such products. Models with an incandescent lamp are not suitable for street lighting, as precipitation can damage the device. Also for the street the ideal option would be lights with a motion sensor.

In the closet, dressing room and other places where it is difficult to conduct the wiring, fit autonomous lamps on batteries. Standalone models are compact and easy to install.

You will learn more about lamps with motion sensors in the following video.