Wooden gates: design features

A modern garden plot is difficult to imagine without a fence - beautiful, durable, protecting from prying eyes. The most important part of the fence is the installation of gates in the entrance area. You can buy finished products, make yourself or order in the workshop according to an individual drawing. A convenient option is wooden doors that are not inferior to metal, and even surpass them in some parameters.

Wooden gates look traditional for Russia, they can be made to match with other fences adopted in the area. Thus, it will be possible to achieve the appearance of the fence, similar to dozens of others. If you want to stand out and show your status, you can use toning or carving on wood.To achieve harmony, it is enough to make a fence in the same style as a wooden house, standing on the site.

For centuries, many masterpieces of wooden architecture have been standing under the snow, rain and various temperatures. If you correctly comply with the technology, the gate will last a long time. It should be borne in mind that for windy terrain continuous canvases are not the best option. Styling can have many variations, for example, the lower part is solid, and the top - openwork or lattice. So you not only decorate the fence, but also reduce the wind load that constantly acts on it. In the end, after a strong storm will not have to raise the tilted fence.

Wood is a traditional building material used for thousands of years. It is easily processed and relatively inexpensive.

Wooden gates have the following advantages:

• Low cost in comparison with models from metal.
• High strength characteristics.
• Long service life (more than 10 years), if the wood is treated with protective impregnation, it will last even longer.
• Ecological safety - the tree does not emit harmful fumes into the atmosphere.
• The ability to use different types of decor in order to add individuality.
• Independent production with the use of inexpensive building materials is allowed.

The design is not without some drawbacks:

• Susceptibility to decay - the material is destroyed by water.
• Fire hazard - the tree can easily catch fire, in case of fire the gate can burn completely.
• Strength characteristics are lower than that of metal.
• Big weight - the fences sheathed by polycarbonate or a professional flooring weigh less.
• Low level of protection against vandals - traces of a marker or paint from a cartridge will not be easy to remove from the surface.

For the manufacture of gates using resistant to high humidity varieties of wood. Pine, larch and oak are mainly used. Now rarely there are fences made entirely of wood. Mainly used metal frame, and the boards used for cladding sash.

But first of all, the models are distinguished by the type of design; today only 4 types are common.

Universal solution, sash mounted on hinged hinges, if the doors are heavy, bearing fittings are used. One door may be wider than the other.Among the advantages of swing models - low price per square meter and simple installation. The recommended width for the passage of vehicles - 3.5–4 m, height - not less than 2 m.

The supporting pillars must be at least 20 cm higher than the flaps. If you plan to install the visor, it should be borne in mind that it will prevent the exit of trucks. To bring building materials, it is necessary to put a visor on supports with a height of about 4 meters. Since the fences are often warped precisely by the wind, a moving pin will have to be fixed between the two leaves. He will enter the ground or a special cylinder and fix the doors.

There are swing gates and cons:

• free space is required to open them;
• leveling of the ground will be needed, otherwise the doors will cling to each bump;
• strong supports are needed that will withstand the weight of the structure, otherwise the gate may fall from wind load;
• in winter, it is necessary to clear the snow to get to the cottage, otherwise the snowdrifts will not allow the doors to open.

When you open the door moves sideways, that is, the gate works on the principle of the wardrobe. There are both mechanical sliding gates and automatic. This option is often chosen for a warehouse or construction base, since it is more convenient to use this model. The maximum span is 11 meters, which allows you to easily pass oversized trucks. Even after a snowfall, you will not have to suffer from snow removal.

The disadvantage is that:

• it is impossible to plant plants close to the fence. The sash will move to the side, there should be free space on the side of the fence;
• for the installation of rails, you need a prepared concrete base, otherwise it will skew, the carriage will not be able to move freely;
• Only an experienced master will take up the installation of the retractable model, and not everyone will be able to cope with it on his own;
• This mechanism with a carriage will cost much more than the usual loop. The price can reach 30,000 rubles.

Previously, such modifications could be seen only in ancient castles. But now they are released again, only the lifting of a heavy door is made not by physical force, but by means of an electric mechanism. Products with elements of wood are rare, more often metal.Due to the large mass, these models are used only if they are connected to the power grid.

Any of the modifications described above can be equipped with a wicket. In this case, an opening is cut inside the web and mounted inside the door. Another option - the gate set as a separate sash.

It is necessary to start the installation from the foundation, since dynamic and static loads will fall on the gate, the base must be very strong and heavy. The foundation can be a large wooden log, which you need to dig in, and hang the doors from above. But a tree in dampness with temperature drops will somehow rot, even if it is saturated with bitumen. It is best to make the base of concrete reinforced with metal mesh or rod.

The depth of the foundation on heaving soils should not be less than the depth of frost penetration.This value can be found in the tables, for example, in the North-West of the Russian Federation, this parameter is approximately 1.7 meters. To build a solid foundation, you need to dig a rectangular hole of sufficient depth. At the bottom of the hole put ruberoid or film, placed on top of large boulders, then poured concrete.

Next, the installation of a wooden post should be carried out using a level, then carefully pour the same solution on the sides, possibly mixed with gravel or small stones.

The pillars on which the gates will hold are laid out of ordinary solid brick, and reinforced concrete will do. Metal supports to strengthen the door leafs must also be filled with cement mortar to prevent the structure from rocking.

Hinges or places for fastening them can be welded to metal posts already at the factory. If a solid brick is used, it is necessary to fasten the hinges even when laying. Hinges are screwed to wooden modifications on the nuts, it is advisable to pre-coat the wood with an antiseptic. The installation of the valves should be done at a distance of at least 50 mm from the ground, otherwise the gate will not be able to open if there is any snow or fallen leaves.

The frame for the gate can be made of wood or picket, connecting its elements to metal corners or without them. In the second case, it is desirable to connect opposite corners with struts. Possible connection of the tree on the thorn or in the "dovetail."

On how to make a swing gate for giving your own hands, see the following video.

You can decorate with your own hands any gates, even old ones, without necessarily spending a lot of money.

The main methods of registration:

• Coloring - Ordinary stain or Pinotex can turn ordinary pine wood into oak or ash. Also the painting layer will protect the surface from weathering and pollution. For the effect of aging, in addition to paint, you will need copper sulfate, which will give the tree a grayish tint.
• Antique painting - usually the pattern is placed on the inside. But if you need to arrange the entrance to any institution, the decoration may be outside. Most likely, you will need the help of a professional artist,Khokhloma painting can be used to create an unusual effect.

• Finishing forged elements - attracts attention, creates a sense of respectability. If the upper part of the door is made of metal lace, the gate will be better to let in light and be less exposed to wind load.

• Thread - allows you to turn an ordinary product into a work of art. Only an experienced person can cope with threading, but he will need a set of chisels - special tools. It is advantageous to order the application of threads in the workshop, where it will be performed on a CNC machine, which will allow you to realize the most difficult relief. Manual work will cost more, besides, now few masters own this technique. But in the store you can buy ready-made carved panels and attach them to the canvas with your own hands.
• Tree trim - if the gate has a metal frame, and from above it is planned to close it with a tree, there are many options for decorating.You can fasten the boards horizontally, vertically, diagonally or fantasy, alternating between different directions of laying material.

Many gardeners leave positive reviews about wooden gates, as they are durable and comfortable. Elements of iron forging on them can last for many years. But there are exceptions, for example, some complain that flaps and constipation are tilted, it is difficult to open them in the spring. Most often, this phenomenon occurs in marshy areas and in the presence of errors at the installation stage.

The tree at the gate will be exposed to temperatures, precipitation and corrosive environments. Therefore, it must be soaked in antiseptic in 2-3 layers. In order to prevent fire when closing the wiring, it is necessary to treat the wood with a fire retardant or sheathed with iron strips at the places of the wiring to be installed. Screws to create products, it is desirable to use galvanized or brass, otherwise under the influence of moisture rust, which will appear on the wood.

Nuts, bolts and washers can be used to provide a solid mount. For the manufacture of doors fit resinous wood, birch is easily processed, but quickly rots. The main thing that the design was resistant to dynamic loads.It is impossible to predict how many times the flaps will open during the month and year, so it is better to immediately make them reliable. From automation, you can choose a door closer designed for use in the open air. The closer will make the closing more smooth, will not allow the doors to vibrate from any gusts of wind.

One of the options for light gates, which will be less affected by wind loads - with a frame made of wooden frame, upholstered with netting. Air flows will pass through the cells of the grid, and there will be less load on the sash sheets and support columns. Let this option not look as beautiful as made of wood, but do not need an expensive foundation.