Thinners: types and their features

Many of us do not know the difference between the concepts of solvent and diluent, however, these are different formulations with certain properties and characteristics. Therefore, it is important to know the differences between these substances, the existing types of thinners and the features of their use with different coloring compositions.

Thinner is a liquid with a special composition intended for mixing with paints of various types. Depending on the components, the solution is labeled with a number. Sometimes the compositions are used to clean the palette or to brush off paint particles.

The price of such products is low, which played an important role in the process of distribution of this product. There are many types of thinners that are used when working with paints and varnishes. Each component included in the composition has a specific effect.

To talk about the properties of a special composition, it is important to identify the main differences between the diluent and the solvent.

Solvents are used to remove paint from surfaces or leather, as well as to dilute it. If the drying period is shortened, then the coating is lost properties.

You cannot do without a tool when working with too thick paints. and creating special creative techniques. This is a must-have tool for professional decorators and artists. To achieve the desired effect, you need to choose the right solution, taking into account the composition of the paint and the individual characteristics of the diluent.

The main sphere of use of the material - paints for decorative design (painting of textile materials, porcelain, art paints). During the work of the masters it is necessary to strictly observe certain requirements, so that the result will be spectacular, stylish, attractive and preserve the beauty for a long time. Otherwise, the colors will quickly lose their brightness and saturation.

Water-based paints that are used in the construction industry can be diluted with plain clean water, but if you work with artistic compositions, you must use a thinner. Working with him is much safer than with water, because it is difficult to overdo it with the dosage of the composition. Water will reduce the brightness of the color, which should not be allowed when creating an artistic composition.

This group includes the following compositions:

• acrylic paints;

• tempera;

• gouache;

• acrylic.

The most widespread found the last option. Paint boasts ease of use, durability and color saturation.It can be used together with other water-based color formulations.

Experts identify several types of thinners that are recommended for use when working with acrylic paints.

• Glossy Solution - the most popular type of thinner. This material is used to improve the special properties of paint. The composition is practically odorless. Externally, it is a translucent liquid, which consists of acrylic dispersion.

• The composition of the fabric. To dilute the paint used for painting textile fabrics, a special solution is used. Its components are selected in such a way as not to damage the delicate material and at the same time preserve the properties of the coloring composition.

• Thinner paste - This is a special thick composition. It is necessary to reduce material consumption.It is possible to use a thinner of this type together with gouache and tempera paint. Moreover, the paste makes the layer more dense and strong and improves its other positive characteristics. The diluent is used as a substrate to create an individual palette.

Varnishes are also diluted before application. To work with polyurethane or alkyd-oil lacquer, a special compound called White spirit is used. The product is sold in finished form in specialized outlets.

The classic thinner white spirit is also used to dilute the oil coloring compositions, as well as acrylic and alkyd paints. This product is obtained by refining oil.

Oil paints - a special segment of the medium coloring compositions. Thinners for these compositions play an important role in the field of painting and artistic creation. Compared to gouache or watercolor, oily substances should not be mixed with water. Developed several special formulations designed specifically for working with oil products. Each species has certain properties and functions.

Given their rich variety, you need to know how to make the right choice.

To do this, understand the range.

• Regular vegetable oil. This method was used in ancient times. From this method, paint dilutions got their name, which was fixed for centuries. For dilution use oils of such plants: flax seeds, hemp seeds, walnut, sunflower, poppy. Today oil can be replaced with professional products.

• Art varnish. A substance consisting of a solvent or resin is used to dilute paints. It makes the structure denser, which creates a special effect when writing pictures. After complete drying, the material is held much stronger than when diluted with oil. Adding varnish as a thinner makes the color of paint brighter, filling it with shine and brilliance.

• Double. This type of diluent is called “twin” due to the composition of two components. The tool is labeled with the number "2" on the label. To obtain funds, mix oil and art varnish in appropriate proportions: 2-3 parts of oil and 1 part of varnish.

• Tee - this is the same thinner “twin”, only with the addition of another component. All three components are mixed in the same proportions. The result is a standard solution that is ideal for artistic purposes. Products are denoted by the term "tee" or the corresponding number. The solution is often used to dilute the metallic.

• Composition number 4. Thinner number 4 is also called "Pinen". This composition can be used to dilute substances such as alkyd paints, varnishes, oil and penta oil paints. Production differs in the excellent dissolving ability, and also the minimum indicator of evaporation. The diluent contains the product of gum turpentine rectification.

Pure diluent is recommended to use if you plan to create an artistic composition or write a picture as soon as possible. Such a composition dries faster, accelerating the process of hardening of the coloring composition. A thin layer is enough a couple of hours for complete drying.

Thinners "twin" and "tee" are the most versatile. Skilled craftsmen make such solutions independently, knowing the composition and proportions. You can also slightly change the composition to achieve the desired effect. The optimal period of drying paint is about 2-4 days.

When choosing a clean thinner to work with oil paint, purchase an odorless solution. The cost of such products is higher, but working with them is much nicer and more convenient.

Among the huge variety of the most popular are the following thinners.

• Trademark Vika offers a quality thinner for metallic paint. It is an acrylic lacquer with a high percentage of dry residue. It is recommended to use on double-layer coatings. This tool is effective for painting in a shorter time. The composition has a high degree of transparency. Due to UV absorbers, the material is not afraid of the negative effects of ultraviolet rays.
• Firm Sikkens (Netherlands) offers customers a huge selection of thinners for paints.Professionals have appreciated fast thinners - Fast, PLUS Reducer Fast has found widespread use. Also on sale you will find medium and slow diluents. Lucky from the above brand is also very popular.

Customers have the opportunity to choose between products of domestic manufacturers. During the purchase, be sure to familiarize yourself with the composition of the material. Purchase only high quality and certified products that meet international standards.

If you are using a thinner for the first time, try to dilute a small amount of paint with it and use it on the surface. Evaluate changes in the process of work and after complete drying. Add thinner gently and gradually.

You can learn the secrets of using thinner in painting from the video.