Vysola on a bricklaying: why arise and how to get rid of them?

Brick houses are built seriously and for a long time zealous owners. Brick is an eco-friendly and sufficiently expensive material, so I want it to look decent for many years. The surface of the beautiful brickwork trying to keep open. Very often, growing spots of irregular whitish color appear on it. This is the so-called efflorescence. They spoil the appearance of the facade and are a kind of catalyst for the destruction of bricks.

How to deal with this phenomenon, we analyze in the article.

On the brickwork, in the first years after the houses were built, white areas can be observed, as if spattered with chalk.So under the influence of excess moisture and a number of other reasons on the surface of the brick are alkaline elements. They look very ugly, giving the facade a sloppy look. But to deal with them is necessary not only to improve the exterior of the building. The fact is that having appeared once, the efflorescences are constantly growing, occupying an increasing area. In addition, they enter the interior of the brick, contributing to its early destruction. therefore upon detection of efflorescence on the brickwork, the fight against them must begin immediatelyuntil the consequences turned into irreversible processes.

Most often, the occurrence of alkaline plaque leads to a violation of the main construction regulations by the builders. Also, the detrimental effect on ceramic bricks is exerted by incorrectly calculated features of the construction of the house, which are revealed even when living in it. However, technological disruption is not the only problem for brick house owners. The formation of efflorescence contributes to the very structure of the brick, the terrain and climate, as well as a number of other factors, which will be discussed in more detail.

Before you start the fight with an annoying phenomenon, it is worth knowing its causes. From them will depend on further steps to eliminate white plaque. The causes of efflorescence are divided into independent of the person, as well as due to his activity (in particular, violation of the technology of making bricks and the laying process).

The following factors consider the main cause of alkaline plaque on the facades.

• The use of low-quality mortar for masonry with high alkali content, chemical additives and excess impurities leads to the deterioration of bricks. Over time, he not only turns white. In the deeper layers, scales begin to form, which leads to the gradual destruction of the material under the influence of additional mechanical stress.
• Construction work in the winter or rainy weather, especially with the use of various water-repellent and antifreeze additives, which also adversely affects the quality of the structure.

It also happens that the efflorescence occurs because of non-compliance with the technology of manufacturing the material itself at the plant. For example, if instead of drying in a special oven, it was simply air dried.Salts in one or another quantity are contained in alumina itself, which is one of the main components in the manufacture of bricks. Its excess at low quality of raw materials, besides at disturbance of production, at the first serious moistening will lead to removal of salt to the outside.

Grayish-white bloom on the outer surface of the walls is a common and common occurrence. It occurs due to natural chemical and physical processes. Basically, the evaporation of water-soluble salts occurs with their removal to the surface. Moisture moves along the capillary structure of the brick, leaching salt behind it. Thus, at the points of emergence to the surface, water evaporates, and impurities in the form of tiny crystals accumulate in spots.

Precipitation with a high content of various impurities and harmful substances in water can also cause damage to bricks. Especially often this occurs in large industrial cities with poor ecology.

The least rare cause is improper storage conditions for bricks in the cold rainy season without protection right on the ground.Also, moisture can get from the soil, but this is possible only with poorly executed waterproofing of the base layer.

If the efflorescence appeared on the wall, you can remove them with your own hands. To do this, you can use ready-made solutions of acids sold in stores, or try to remove white bloom with folk remedies. High-quality cleaning is carried out in several stages. It is necessary to comply with the technology of correct disposal of plaque, then he will not return to the walls again.

First elimination of the largest particles is carried out by mechanical action. To do this, you need a hard brush with metal bristles and plain water, preferably clean, with no impurities. This process is rather laborious and takes a lot of time. But with due diligence, the effect becomes noticeable immediately.

Then choose a special tool for cleaning from efflorescence. Alkalis are affected by acids contained in ready-made solutions. It is advisable to find out the composition and chemical nature of the spots themselves in order to find the most effective means. Since in most cases it is not possible to do this, it is necessary to select a method by sampling in order to get rid of the ugly plaque as effectively as possible.

In some cases, it is permissible to prepare your solution at home. To do this, dilute 20 grams of hydrochloric acid, a couple of tablespoons of vinegar and 50 grams of detergent per 10 liters of water (liquid soap or dishwasher foam will do). Apply the composition is usually a brush with artificial bristles or roller. If the surface to be treated is large, you can use a spray bottle or conventional garden sprayers. The brick should be well saturated with cleaning agent..

If you choose a ready-made tool, then you should strictly follow the instructions attached to it. The time it takes to clean the brickwork is usually on the packaging. Work is done using gloves, goggles and sometimes a respirator,as in the composition of the means of this kind there are acids in various concentrations.

After the brick has been cleared of traces of efflorescence, it should be rinsed. A small surface can be worked out manually.

Washed this way the surface should dry well. It may take up to one and a half days to do this.. After that, in order to remove such a problem forever from the walls of the room, they are covered with a special compound, often based on acrylic components. Such a tool simply repels water, preventing it from penetrating into the pores of a brick. In addition, impregnation additionally protects the masonry from dirt and dust, which simply can not settle on it. The surface always looks clean and shiny, which looks very attractive.

From simple tools that are always at hand, we can recommend an inexpensive way to bring white bloom from a small area. Cleans his usual lactic alcohol. A standard bottle of this liquid is diluted in 10-12 liters of pure water. If desired, the concentration can be slightly increased by taking a smaller volume of water. Apply the product with a spray with a fine spray.

Sometimes, even with the proper conduct of all cleaning measures, plaque reappears. The point here is not in poor-quality processing, but in the structure of the material itself. Any brick and mortar contain alkaline compounds that are impossible and do not need to be completely removed. The peculiarity of organic building materials lies precisely in the inclusion of such elements in their composition. External treatment washes away the efflorescence only for a while. If a large amount of moisture gets on the masonry, after a while the treatment will have to be carried out again.

It is much easier to prevent the appearance of efflorescence than to fight with them. After all, they arise quite quickly and increase their localization. Work on their removal can take a lot of time, effort and money. In addition, there is no guarantee that white spots will not appear again after cleaning.Therefore, we determine in advance the possible factors that can spoil the brickwork.

• It is better to buy a brick from a proven manufacturer over the years and many customers.. Saving on the material is definitely not worth it. At the same time, it is very difficult to distinguish high-quality material for construction from that obtained with technological violations simply in appearance. In the search for a good supplier will help reviews and recommendations.
• For construction it is necessary to dilute as thick as possible. and perform construction work only in dry weather. It is advisable to build only in the warm half of the year.

• If possible, no special additives should be added to the masonry mortar.. The mixture itself is better to try to dilute with clean water and high-quality coarse sand.
• If it is necessary to suspend work, the unfinished parts of the building should be covered with film. It is advisable to bring them under the roof as soon as possible so that atmospheric moisture and precipitation do not get into the material and do not feed it.

• You should carefully design the system of drainage, rainfall and special canopies. in order to avoid excess water on the facade during precipitation. Thus, rainwater will fall less on the bricks.

• It is better not to dilute the solution once again or to dilute it.. Often using old brick it is soaked in water. It is better not to do this, but to remove the remnants of old cement or mixture by mechanical action.
• Special additives that replace calcareous substances are added to the working solution. and give the binder a greater plasticity to prevent the natural process of salt formation in the masonry and their subsequent release to the surface. This is an important preventive measure, as a convenient and highly accurate application creates the most correct and uniform load on each brick. Earlier, egg yolks were used for this purpose.Modern industry offers turnkey solutions. These are microfiber formers, containing basically derivatives of petroleum, fatty acids or organosilicon compounds.

How to remove the efflorescence, see the next video.