The details of the installation of door locks

Today there are a large number of locking systems and devices. They are designed to protect the owners from the intervention of unwanted guests in their homes or utility rooms. The reasons for installing or replacing the lock on the doors can be many. This process does not tolerate carelessness and carelessness, but can be carried out independently, the main thing is to know how to do it.

First of all, it is necessary to understand the types of locks in order to choose the option that is suitable both in terms of functionality, degree of protection, and financial possibilities.

By type of installation locks are classified into three groups.

• Hinged. The hinged locking mechanism is the simplest type. As a rule, it is used to protect the outbuildings, garages, summer houses and objects with communications. Installation of the device is simple and accessible to any person. However, the degree of protection of such locks is the lowest, and the coefficient of secrecy is zero.

• Mortise. The essence of the mortise locking mechanism is contained in the title itself: it is embedded inside the door, for which a special recess in the canvas is cut. Installation of the device in this case will require certain skills and special tools, especially if the door is metal. These locks allow you to choose a model according to the degree of protection and secrecy. Modifications that guarantee efficiency in hacking are very popular.

• Overhead. Locks of a similar design are imposed on a door from the inside, at the same time the part of the mechanism goes deep into the cloth. Installation and replacement will not cause difficulties for an experienced master, but if necessary, independent installation is also possible.

By type of device locks are divided into two main types.

• Rack. The main characteristic of the castle is its massiveness.The mechanism works from a key that is not turned, but simply inserted into the system. As a rule, keys have significant length and weight. Special cuts are made on their surface, which should coincide with the code inside the lock. Since for opening it is necessary to make considerable efforts, rack and pinion mechanisms are installed on garages, warehouses and other utility rooms.

• Cylinder systems. Locking mechanisms of this type are considered classic. The main parts are pins, housing, cam and larva. The principle of the mechanism of rotation. The level of complexity of the lock is determined by the number of cylindrical parts, inside of which there are elements that cause protection against burglary. Each such detail has its own set of PIN codes, so a key is developed for it.

• Disk. The design of the principle of action is similar to cylindrical locks. Only code combinations are created at the expense of disks, on the number of which the complexity and reliability of the locking mechanism depends.

• Level mechanisms. The design of the lock in terms of basic elements is similar to the cylinder type, but there are additional details that complicate the principle of its operation. The main parts are steel spring-loaded code plates called levers. They are more massive than they provide reliability of the lock. The reliability of constipation depends on the number of levers.

• Combined systems. These designs most effectively protect against hacking.

According to the principle of action.

• Mechanical. The locking mechanisms of the specified construction are closed only if a key is present, that is, manually. They are simple, fairly reliable, durable and are the most popular models on the market.

• Electromechanical. Locks of this kind have the ability to close the door not only with a key, but also with an electronic module. As a rule, such mechanisms have ordinary bolts that can be operated manually or by an electronic device: a card, a key fob, and a remote control.

• Electronic. Their main advantage is the impact on the door from a long distance. As a rule, they are installed in private cottages at the garage and entrance gates, gates. The main problem is that they are easy to open, like any electronic device. By the degree of reliability and protection against hacking, they lose to electromechanical and electromagnetic models.

• Electromagnetic. To install a lock with magnets you need a circuit with permanent electricity in the network. Under this condition, it is able to provide good protection. More often they are used on industrial sites and in large office buildings.

When choosing a lock, you must consistently answer the following questions.

• The function that the door performs. Depending on the tasks that perform the door, is selected and the locking mechanism. If you need high reliability, then the locks are selected from high quality materials, durable, with a high degree of secrecy and resistance to cracking. The simplest constipation for interior or light plastic doors can be made of cheaper parts: plastic, brass or silumin.

• Reliability protection. There are 4 classes of resistance to cracking. The first of them is the most simple, used on the locks for interior doors, offices, utility rooms. Even a non-professional will be able to open it in 5 minutes. The second class is characterized by a break-in time of up to 15 minutes. They can be installed on the front door, but on condition that there is nothing valuable behind them. The third class of protection provides improved qualities of locking mechanisms. That it is the most popular, because the price and quality are comparable for ordinary users. The fourth class is installed on the doors in specialized premises, which are subject to increased security requirements.

• The degree of secrecy. Many sellers are misleading buyers, characterizing locks only in terms of the number of combinations. But it should be noted that secrecy is a complex concept, which includes, in addition to the indicated factor, protection against any kind of hacking: mechanical or with the help of a master key, durability, impact resistance, probability of key repetitions.

Depending on this, there are 3 levels of secrecy.

• Low. Characteristics: from 10 to 10 thousand possible pin codes and their simplicity, lack of protection against burglary, parts from low-strength materials, low assembly accuracy.
• Average. Characteristics: from 5 thousand to 5 million combinations with a sufficient level of complexity. Models of reputable manufacturers have protection against hacking. The materials for the crossbars are wear-resistant, for the case they often use low-grade ones, the assembly level is average.
• Tall. Characteristics: the number of pins starts from 100 thousand to a billion, the level of complexity is the highest, protection from any kinds of impacts, materials wear-, acid- and waterproof, high accuracy of assembly.

To self-embed the lock, you will need to stock up on certain tools and knowledge. The set of tools depends on the type of lock and the material from which the door is made.

For wooden linen will need:

• electric drill;
• set of chisels;
• screwdriver set or screwdriver;
• carpenter's knife;
• hammer;
• file;
• Ruler and pencil;
• fasteners, if they are not in the lock assembly.

Despite innovations in the production of locking mechanisms, sometimes they fail. Therefore, you need to be prepared for the fact that some day the castle will need to be replaced or repaired. Before you install a new mechanism, of course, you need to dismantle the old one.

Depending on what bolts the lock is bolted on, you should stock up with a flat or cross-head screwdriver. With its help all fasteners get out from an end face. There is a castle lath. If the mechanism's larva is not fixed, then it is enough to remove the lock by pulling the bar towards itself.

If the larva is present in the castle, that is, the device has a certain level of protection, then it must be pulled out first. To do this, unscrew the special long screw that runs through the entire body, starting from the bracket. After that, the larva will come out with a slight click on it. For locking devices with a high degree of protection, this process becomes more complicated, since it is first necessary to disable the protective mechanism with a special key and only after that dismantle the larva.

Difficulty in parsing a locking device that has become unusable is represented by various decorative elements such as overlays. In this case, dismantling should start with them. They have their fasteners, which are often screwed into either the door leaf or into the body of the constipation. Then the algorithm of actions is standard.

• At removal of the lock of laid on type of efforts it will be enclosed much less, than at dismantle of its mortise colleague. Such models are attached with screws to the door itself. Therefore, the process consists in unscrewing the screws, removing the casing - the plate covering the well, and removing the lock.
• Locks on plastic and metal doors are often electric or electromagnetic. Therefore, before you start dismantling them, you must ensure that there is no electricity and read the instructions for their device.Very rarely, but still there are cases when locks are built in at the factory, and it is not possible to remove them without damaging the door leaf. In this case, you need to try to do with "little blood", for example, by drilling it from the end.

After the old castle is removed, you can proceed to the next stage - markup.

If there are holes left from the old lock, then it is better to adjust the new mechanism for them. Then they will serve as markup.

Experts warn that there are no two similar locks. If an adequate replacement is required strictly for the old holes, then you need to either change the core, then the case will remain old and there will be no problems, or look for an absolutely same model, brand and manufacturer. For selection it is better to come to the store with an old castle or its description, so that consultants can quickly find the right option.

If there are holes for constipation, but there is none, and it is not known how it was, then measurements should be taken in millimeters. For rounds, the radius is measured, for the others - length, width, depth.

If you can’t pick up such a locking mechanism, then it is possible to install another model. It is better if it is slightly larger than the previous one, then the existing holes will just need to be expanded.

To facilitate the process of installing a new castle with your own hands, you should carefully and carefully approach the markup.

• On the surface of the door leaf with a pencil or chalk marked the location of the borehole lock and handle, if they are interrelated. Standardly, constipation is set at a distance of one meter from the floor level. However, the height may be different, more comfortable for residents.
• With the help of the square to this mark perpendicular is drawn on the end of the door. This is the center, focusing on which along the end you need to draw an axial line whose length is equal to the width of the body. The easiest way is to attach the lock to the front part of the door and draw around the contour so that the dimensions of the recess exactly match the dimensions of the device. Get a drawing of a rectangle.

• Next, measure the depth of entry of the tongue into the canvas (this is the distance from the lath of the lock to the end of the longest bolt) on both sides of the door and mark it. In other words, it is necessary to designate the beginning and end of the locking mechanism.
• If the lock assumes a rotary knob, its location is marked on both sides of the door. For this, the device body is applied to the door sideways, then the necessary marks are made.
• After that, you can begin to drill a hole. For these purposes, use an electric drill with a feather drill. To match the depth of the measured value, it should be noted on the drill with a wire. The diameter of the drill is better to choose close to the thickness of the hole. Drill out carefully along the entire rectangular mark. Correct accuracy can be a chisel. Instead of a drill, some craftsmen use a chisel and a hammer. Masters note that the hole should be slightly larger than the size of the lock, then it will be easier to install it.

At this stage ends, since the installation of the locking device begins.

The opening for the tongue on the opposite side of the door frame is marked after the lock itself has already been assembled and embedded. For this, the locking element is smeared with chalk or a copy paper is glued to it. When closing the tongue will leave a mark, which will be considered a mark for drilling the necessary holes.If everything is done correctly, then after installation the mechanism will not jam.

As a rule, iron doors are sold complete with a lock and other necessary details, so all the holes on it are already drilled and coincide with fasteners. It remains only to install a lock according to the instructions on the specified places.

Today, plastic doors are found everywhere. Accordingly, the locks on them, too, will have to change, repair and install new ones. The action algorithm for marking the location of a lock in a PVC door is similar to a wooden one. Expensive types of locking devices have instructions, in which not only the installation procedure is given, but stencils for marking are attached.

Today, almost all manufacturers include a paper template in the attached set of documents. It is applied to the door, with the help of awl making marks on the door leaf: 4 fixing and one central for the locking larva.

The marking of the groove under the bar is carried out similarly to the mortise model: attach the lock and circle the bar. The marking of the location of the counterpart of the locking mechanism is carried out after complete assembly and installation of the lock. To do this, it is closed, a reciprocal construction is applied, and marks are made with an awl through holes for fasteners.

As practice shows, installing a lock on the door is not easy, but feasible to do it yourself. Insert of door locks on different types of cloths - process identical in the basis. Differences are determined by the additional functions of the mechanism and the material from which the doors are made.

After cutting out a niche for the lock body when marking, the sequence of actions will be as follows.

• The placement of the end strips. The lock should be inserted into the slotted recess and cut the bar along the contour.Since it should be flush with the canvas, it is necessary to make a small indentation for it. On the drawn line to a depth of 1-2 millimeters, a notch is made with a knife. Further chisel it expands to the size of the bar.
• Drilling holes for the handle and key. An opening for the keyhole and the handle is obtained using a pen drill. Masters advise to drill holes not through, but from two sides; then they will be more accurate, without chipping along the edges.

• Insert designs in the door. The lock deepens in its place, the handle is inserted into the hole made earlier. If decorative lining was present in the kit, then it is at this stage that they are fastened with screws to the canvas.
• Installation of parallel strips. It is also called "response." It is located opposite the castle, it includes a bolt when closing. To embed the reciprocal bar, you need to follow an algorithm similar to obtaining space under the lock itself. The location of the tongue in the canvas is marked with chalk or carbon paper. The strap is attached with screws or bolts.

In order to put the invoice lock, it should be remembered that for it the standard height is 1.5 meters from the floor level.However, it is also not mandatory for execution and may vary depending on the requirements of the owners.

After all marks are applied, the center hole is drilled. Experts advise to do it from two sides, and not immediately through. In this case, the edges will be smooth. The diameter of the hole must coincide with the lock cylinder.

In contrast to the mortise model, the patch plate is lateral, not central. However, it must also lie flush with the door leaf, which means that it is also necessary to cut a groove under it. For this procedure, use a sharp knife to deepen the intended contour, and a chisel to gouge the recess.

Next, the lock is installed in its place and is attached to the door with screws or locking bolts. The reciprocal part of the mechanism is screwed with screws on the mark made.

After all the main parts are installed, additional elements are attached: decorative plates, anti-vandal devices, handles.

It should be noted that if the lock must be cut into partially glass doors, then before installing them, be sure to remove them from the hinges and, if possible, remove the windows.It will save them from chipping or accidental breaking.

The principle of installation of the locking mechanism is similar to the algorithm of actions for working with wooden cloth, the only difference is in the form of the tools used. For different holes you will need a grinder, a hacksaw and metal drills.

Locks for wooden and metal doors are not suitable for their plastic prototypes. In this case, you should choose a special constipation. The mechanism is selected according to the width of the profile on which it will be installed. Almost all presented models are mortise and have built-in handles for opening. This is necessary to preserve the integrity and aesthetics of the whole structure. In rare cases, the door leaf is equipped with an overhead locking device to enhance protection.

On the balcony door or in the double-glazed window of the apartment, which is located on the upper floors, as a rule, they mount an ordinary lock-latch with a handle. In this case, it comes in a set with double-glazed windows, so it is already installed at the factory.It should be noted that it does not carry protective functions.

If it is necessary to provide protection against penetration through a plastic door, then a more complicated locking mechanism should be installed. Consider the algorithm of actions on the example of the electromagnetic model.

• After applying the markup start drilling holes. During the work, it should be remembered that it is impossible to press hard on the canvas, it may crack.
• As a rule, the design consists of two main parts, one of which is mounted on the door leaf, and the other - in the opening. All fasteners are present in the configuration.
• In the next step, an electrical circuit is assembled. It will require certain knowledge and skills, so if they are not there, it is better to seek the help of professional electricians.
• The final stage is to connect the power supply.

Testing the operability of the locking mechanism is as follows:

• all parts move freely, do not jam and do not get stuck;
• the door closes tightly;
• the tongue enters the counterpart evenly and to a sufficient depth, which ensures its reliability;
• all electrical circuits are triggered without delay;
• All parts are screwed tight, do not hang out.

In the next video you will find the installation of the castle in the interior door.